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Forklift Starters
Starters for Forklift - A starter motors today is typically a permanent-magnet composition or a series-parallel wound direct current electrical motor with a starter solenoid mounted on it. Once current from the starting battery is applied to the solenoid, mainly via a key-operated switch, the solenoid engages a lever that pushes out the drive pinion which is positioned on the driveshaft and meshes the pinion using the starter ring gear that is seen on the flywheel of the engine.
When the starter motor begins to turn, the solenoid closes the high-current contacts. Once the engine has started, the solenoid consists of a key operated switch which opens the spring assembly in order to pull the pinion gear away from the ring gear. This action causes the starter motor to stop. The starter's pinion is clutched to its driveshaft by means of an overrunning clutch. This permits the pinion to transmit drive in just one direction. Drive is transmitted in this particular method through the pinion to the flywheel ring gear. The pinion remains engaged, like for example because the operator did not release the key when the engine starts or if there is a short and the solenoid remains engaged. This actually causes the pinion to spin separately of its driveshaft.
This aforementioned action prevents the engine from driving the starter. This is actually an important step as this kind of back drive will enable the starter to spin really fast that it would fly apart. Unless adjustments were done, the sprag clutch arrangement would preclude the use of the starter as a generator if it was made use of in the hybrid scheme mentioned earlier. Usually an average starter motor is meant for intermittent utilization that would stop it being used as a generator.
Therefore, the electrical components are intended to function for about less than thirty seconds in order to prevent overheating. The overheating results from very slow dissipation of heat because of ohmic losses. The electrical components are intended to save weight and cost. This is actually the reason nearly all owner's manuals meant for vehicles recommend the driver to pause for at least ten seconds right after every ten or fifteen seconds of cranking the engine, when trying to start an engine that does not turn over immediately.
In the early 1960s, this overrunning-clutch pinion arrangement was phased onto the market. Previous to that time, a Bendix drive was used. The Bendix system operates by placing the starter drive pinion on a helically cut driveshaft. When the starter motor begins turning, the inertia of the drive pinion assembly enables it to ride forward on the helix, hence engaging with the ring gear. Once the engine starts, the backdrive caused from the ring gear enables the pinion to surpass the rotating speed of the starter. At this instant, the drive pinion is forced back down the helical shaft and therefore out of mesh with the ring gear.
During the 1930s, an intermediate development between the Bendix drive was made. The overrunning-clutch design which was developed and introduced in the 1960s was the Bendix Folo-Thru drive. The Folo-Thru drive has a latching mechanism together with a set of flyweights within the body of the drive unit. This was much better because the standard Bendix drive used to disengage from the ring when the engine fired, although it did not stay running.
The drive unit if force forward by inertia on the helical shaft once the starter motor is engaged and begins turning. Then the starter motor becomes latched into the engaged position. Once the drive unit is spun at a speed higher than what is attained by the starter motor itself, for instance it is backdriven by the running engine, and afterward the flyweights pull outward in a radial manner. This releases the latch and permits the overdriven drive unit to become spun out of engagement, thus unwanted starter disengagement can be prevented previous to a successful engine start.
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